Kharif crops: PPCBL begins disbursement of loans

The Punjab Provincial Co-operative Bank has started disbursement of Rs 2.5 billion agriculture loans for sowing, growing and maturing of Kharif crops 2014 including cotton, rice, sugarcane, maize, vegetables, fodder and fruits orchards.

Source: Business Recorder

Electricity generation: Punjab plans to make crop waste usable

Punjab government has planned to utilise, around 28 million ton crop waste including husk from wheat, cotton sticks, besides waste from rice and maize to generate electricity and has decided to set up five biomass resource power generation plants including one 20 megawatt plant in Multan to overcome electricity shortage by exploiting vast green energy potential in the province. It is officially stated on Friday.
Official sources said that 20 megawatt plants would be set up each in Multan and Faisalabad, 10 megewatt capacity plants in Kala Shah Kaku (Lahore) and Rahimyar Khan, and a 2 megawatt plant in Daska (Sialkot).
The projects would be undertaken on public-private partnership mechanism and would add 62MW electricity to the national grid after completion. Electricity generation by exploiting green energy is comparatively cheaper and environment friendly. Kahlon said, a strategy was also being prepared to ensure availability of crop biomass, its supply system, required quantity and machinery required to generate power. Experts were engaged in devising a biomass management system with a view to reduce cost of transportation of biomass to desired places. It said that crop waste processing plants would also be set up to make crop waste usable for electricity generation.
Official said that a Crop Bio Mass Cell has also been set up in Punjab agriculture department to co-ordinate with the organisations and departments having expertise in generating electricity from green energy. The cell would also assess the quantity of biomass that can be collected, and strategy for its proper storage. Information/data regarding all kind of big and small crops grown in Punjab would be conveyed to the organisations having experience of biomass power generation or engaged in research on the subject so as to find opportunities of co-operation or partnership at national and international level to achieve the objective.
According to a recent survey of Punjab Agriculture Department, around 28 million ton crop waste including husk from wheat, cotton sticks, besides waste from rice and maize can be utilised to generate electricity. Moreover, research bodies including Agriculture Mechanisation Research Institute Multan, Agriculture University Faisalabad and others were engaged in exploring alternate means of energy and to finalise a set of doable recommendations to produce electricity from crop waste. It will help the government and its partners to finalise a flawless strategy to produce green electricity. The initiative taken by Chief Minister Shahbaz Sharif was commendable and growers should extend their full co-operation by preparing a system to collect and keep crop waste for its utilisation to generate electricity, sources said.

News Source I  News Collected: agrinfobank.com Team

Wheat sowing over 85 percent area completed in Punjab

Wheat sowing over 14 million acres has been completed in Punjab which is 85 percent of the targeted 16 million acres to produce 19 million tons of wheat during 2013-14 Rabi season, Director General Agriculture Extension Services Dr Anjum Ali told Business Recorder here on Wednesday.
He said the wheat sowing has been going on according to schedule in the province that produces 80 percent of the total staple food of the nation. Director General Pakistan Meteorological Department Dr Arif Mahmood told this scribe that mainly dry and cold weather is expected in plains of Punjab, Sindh, Balochistan and KPK till 16th December 2013. He advised farmers of irrigated plains of Punjab, Sindh & Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to complete sowing of wheat crop before 15th December to get maximum yield. In case of late sowing in December, the recommended varieties should be cultivated to minimise the expected loss in yield.
Dr Mahmood said wheat sowing is in progress in most of the irrigated areas. Farmers of irrigated areas should irrigate the crop as per requirement due to dry weather prevailing in most of the irrigated agricultural plains of the country. Normally first irrigation is given after 20-25 days after sowing.
Meanwhile, the Indus River System Authority is releasing 1,06,400 cusecs water from the reservoirs and run of the river water for power generation and crop irrigation. 50,000 cusecs water is being released from the Tarbela dam, 40,000 cusecs from Mangla Dam, 8,700 cusecs from river Kabul and River Chanab 7,700 cusecs.

News Source: Business Recorder News Collected: agrinfobank.com Team

Farming community: Punjab taking steps to resolve issues: minister

Punjab Law Minister Rana Sanaullah on Sunday called for collaborated efforts on the part of agricultural experts and farmer associates to ensure the food security with special reference to land holdings and land reforms. He chaired the meeting of agricultural experts at the University of Agriculture Faisalabad. UAF Vice-Chancellor Professor Dr Iqrar Ahmad Khan and Institute of Resource Economics Director Muhammad Asfaq presented the analysis of land holding and reforms in the country. He said that the Punjab government is taking every tangible steps to address the issues of farming community. He said it is a challenge to ensure the food security as population was increasing and agricultural land is decreasing. He stressed the need to make steps to increase the per acre production. He directed the meeting to present the problems of the farming community before the government and assured that issues would be resolved. Farmers Associates Pakistan President Tariq Bucha and executive members Afaq Tawana, Hamid Malhi and MNA Babar Shahbaz were also present on the occasion.
Giving briefing, Vice-Chancellor Professor Dr Iqrar Ahmad Khan said in 1972, as many as 28 percent of farms was under two hectares of land which is now 65 percent. He said farms above 20 hectares are only 1.1 percent which was 3.2 percent in 1972. Taking about projected population and food security, he said that in 2013, as many as 26 million tones of wheat is required which will touch to 34 million tones in 2050 for 250 million population. He said that situation demands expedited efforts to secure the food for the increasing population.
He stressed the need for promoting the corporate agriculture farming (CAF). It will help seek efficiency of production and increased incomes/revenue through combining different agricultural activities at one place under management of one entity. He said that as many as 85 percent of the farming community belonged to small farmers.

Source: http://www.brecorder.com

Government revises power tariff for agriculture consumers in Punjab

September 04, 2013 MUSHTAQ GHUMMAN

The federal government has decided to charge a flat rate of Rs 10.50 per unit from agriculture consumers of five Distribution Companies (Discos) in Punjab during off peak hours till June 30, 2014, well informed sources told Business Recorder on Tuesday.
The decision has been taken in the light of an agreement reached between the representatives of Pakistan Kissan Ittehad, who recently met with Finance Minister Senator Ishaq Dar in Islamabad. However, the Ministry of Water and Power has not calculated the impact of reduction in current tariff of agriculture tube wells. "Flat rate will be applicable only during off peak hours and no relaxation will be given during peak hours," the sources said.
The sources said that farmers had not been paying electricity bills since long as Pakistan Kissan Ittahad had announced it would not pay bills due to damages to crops. It may be mentioned here that the PPP government had fixed a flat rate at Rs 8 per unit on March 7, 2013 but the Cabinet''s decision was not implemented. The impact of reduction in power tariff for agriculture tube wells had been worked out at Rs 16.54 billion.
After the decision, a committee comprising the officials of both the ministries was constituted to work out how to implement the decision and ultimately the same committee issued the orders on April 5 to all the electric power distribution companies to reduce the power tariff by Rs 2 - from Rs 10 to Rs 8 per unit for tube wells. The then Secretary Finance, Wajid Rana and Joint Secretary Water and Power, Zargham Eshaq Khan had opposed the tariff reduction but the PPP leadership did not pay heed to their recommendation and forced them to prepare the summary for the Cabinet. Sources claim that Wajid Rana was transferred for opposing the proposal - a brain child of then Minister for Kashmir Affairs, Manzoor Wattoo but Zargham Eshaq Khan survived due to intervention of Raja Pervez Ashraf, the then Prime Minister.

Source

Punjab govt, Canadian firm ink MoU for biogas project

Saturday, July 20, 2013

A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was signed between Punjab government and a renowned Canadian Company High Mark Bio-Gas at Chief Minister’s Office on Friday for setting up bio-gas project.
Chief Executive Officer Evan Chrapko on behalf of High Mark Biogas Company while Secretary Energy Usman Bajwa on behalf of Punjab government signed the MoU.
According to the agreement, High Mark Bio-Gas Company will set up a pilot project of 22 megawatts of biomass gas in Punjab. The project will be completed within a short period of six months.
Besides Chief Minister Punjab Muhammad Shahbaz Sharif, Provincial Energy Minister Sher Ali Khan, Chairman Planning and Development, Secretaries of Energy, Agriculture, Information, Local Government and other concerned officials were also present on the occasion.
Sharif said signing of MoU between High Mark Bio-Gas Company and Punjab government with regard to biogas project was a welcoming step. He said vast opportunities of generating energy through bio-mass and biogas exist in Punjab and the provincial government will fully benefit from these opportunities. He said the experiences of foreign investors and companies would also be benefited in this regard so that energy crisis could be minimised at the earliest.
The chief minister said besides traditional sources, Pakistan Muslim League-N government was also working for generating energy through non-traditional sources. He said non-traditional sources are the cheap source of generating energy which would provide relief to the people.
Sharif said there was great potential of setting up bio-gas projects in Punjab and there was no shortage of fuel for the projects of biogas. He said energy crisis had made the life of common man miserable and the government was working on war footing for coping with this problem. The CM said Canadian Company will also carry out the process of mapping of waste used in biogas which will help in collecting authenticated data.
Sharif said that after the success of first pilot project, new projects of biogas would be started. Earlier, Chief Executive of Canadian High Mark Bio-Gas Company, Evan Chrapko met Shahbaz Sharif at Chief Minister’s Office. Muhammad Umar Ghaznavi was also present on the occasion.

Source: Daily Times

Paddy plantation in full swing in Punjab

Friday, July-12-2013

The paddy plantation is in full swing in the rice growing districts of the province after recent rains in the central Punjab, Director General Punjab Agriculture Extension Services Dr Anjum Ali told Business Recorder.

He said climate was conducive, water supplies were adequate and there were positive indications that rice crop would be sown over the target area of 4.2 million acres well in time and Punjab would achieve production target of 4.3 million tons of various varieties of rice this season.

Sialkot, Narowal, Gujranwala, Sheikhupura, and Hafizabad districts produce best varieties of rice including Basmati 370, Super Basmati, Super Kernal, Basmati 386, Basmati 385 and Basmati 198. Pakistan earns around two billion dollars in foreign exchange by export of rice every year.

About the impact of recent rains on other crops, Dr Ali said the timely rains had been very beneficial to the sugarcane, vegetables and fodder crops in the rain-fed Barani areas and canal irrigated Central Punjab. He further said since there had been no rains in the cotton growing belt of South Punjab, therefore cotton crop was safe from the rain-related pest / virus attacks. 

News Source: Business Recorder
News Collected by agrinfobank.com Team

Punjab to provide solar-powered tube-wells to farmers

June 23, 2013

Punjab government will provide bio-gas and solar-powered tube-wells to the small farmers of the province with a cost of Rs 7.5 billion. This was disclosed by Punjab Minister for Agriculture, Dr Farrukh Javed at a meeting held at the Agriculture House to review the project of distributing bio-gas and solar-powered tube wells on subsidy to the small growers of the province on Saturday.

Project Director Dr Ghaffar Dogar briefed the participants of the meeting about the utility of bio-gas and solar-powered pumps. Speaking on the occasion, the provincial minister said that objective of the government is to introduce alternative and cheaper quality method of irrigation. He said that this will not only provide cheaper energy to the people but they will also be able to dispose off cow dung in a better way.
He said that solar powered pumps and bio-gas powered pumps will be provided to farmers across the province according to their requirement. He said it will be provided to farmers having land from 5 acres to 12.5 acres of land. Participants of the meeting were of the view that these sources are not only environment friendly but can also meet the energy requirements of 65 per cent population.

Source: http://www.brecorder.com

Farmers' problems to be resolved on priority basis

June 20, 2013

Punjab Chief Minister Muhammad Shahbaz Sharif has said that agriculture is the backbone of our economy, and Punjab government was taking concrete measures for promotion of agriculture and farmers' problems would be resolved on priority basis.
He said provincial ministers and concerned authorities should sit together and review the resolution of farmer's problems including electricity bills, tariff, and other problems. Shahbaz Sharif said that he himself would talk to federal government for resolving the problems of farmers.
He was talking to the delegation of farmers led by President Pakistan Kisan Ittehad Khalid Mehmood Khokhar at Model Town on Wednesday. Shahbaz assured the farmers that Punjab government would sincerely take all possible steps for resolving problems of the farmers.
The delegation informed the Chief Minister about electricity bills, tariff and other problems being faced by small farmers upon which, Shahbaz Sharif assured that sincere efforts would be made for resolving all problems of farming community including electricity tariff.
Referring electricity crisis, Shahbaz said "we have made promise with the people of overcoming energy crisis and we all have to work day and night for eliminating loadshedding. We are considering to setting up 15 and 20 mega watt plants of biogas and biomass through public private partnership."
He said utility of technology for generating electricity through biogas and biomass had proved in various countries and "we will also take full benefit from this technology." Biogas, biomass and other projects of generating electricity would be implemented speedily, he added.
The CM directed concerned authorities that a practicable plan of collecting raw material throughout the province for generating electricity through biomass should be evolved. On a complaint of the delegation, he warned that the business of spurious agri-medicines and fertilisers would not be tolerated and strict action would be taken against the elements as per law.
He said India had taken lead in cotton production which was a matter of pondering for us, adding the cotton production could be enhanced by utilising modern agriculture technology. The CM directed that provincial ministers of agriculture, irrigation and energy and concerned authorities should sit together and formulate proposals for implementing the projects of generating energy through biogas and biomass and operating tube well on solar energy.
He said best technology with regard to biogas, biomass and solar energy was available with Germany and China and they should be contacted for that purpose. "Similarly, this technology is being implemented successfully in Indian province Hariyana and it can also be contacted."
He directed that the payments of sugarcane prices by the sugar mills to the farmers should be ensured. President Pakistan Kisan Ittehad Khalid Mehmood Khokhar while expressing satisfaction over the policies of Punjab government said the CM would certainly resolve the problems of small farmers.
Khalid Mehmood said small farmers of Punjab were with the CM in eliminating Patwari culture, adding small farmers would become prosperous due to the steps taken by the CM for the promotion of agriculture. Provincial Minister for Local Government and Law Rana Sanaullah Khan, Agriculture Minister Dr Farrukh Javed, Energy Minister Sher Ali Khan, Member National Assembly Chaudhry Iftikhar Nazir, Secretaries of Agriculture and Energy Departments and officers of Lesco, Mepco and Fesco were also present on the occasion.

Source: http://www.brecorder.com

Agriculture department asked to enhance production of commodity, livestock

June 19, 2013

Punjab Minister for Agriculture Dr Farrukh Javed has directed the provincial agriculture department to take effective steps for developing commodity markets of the province on latest lines and enhancing agricultural produce exports. He was speaking at a meeting of senior officers of departments of agriculture and livestock, exporters of agricultural commodities and growers held at the University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS) here on Tuesday. The meeting was attended by the Punjab Agriculture Secretary Momin Agha, Secretary Livestock Muhammad Irfan Elahi, Additional Secretary Ameer Khattak, Director General Livestock Dr Muhammad Nawaz Saeed and Co-ordinator supply chain improvement project Kashif Jamshed. Exporters and growers came from across the province apprised the minister about impediments in the way of increasing production in agriculture and livestock sectors and enhancing agri produce exports.
They demanded immediate steps to enhance shelf life of agricultural produce especially of fruits and vegetables so as to earn precious foreign exchange for the country. Secretary Livestock Muhammad Irfan Elahi informed the meeting that a new law is being enacted for cattle markets which will be enforced soon. Secretary Agriculture said that a detailed meeting of producers and exporters will soon be convened to set export targets of different agricultural products and to devise a strategy for achieving these targets. He also directed the officials to resolve the issues in the way of enhancing livestock and agricultural exports. He also called for taking measures to enhance production of citrus and mangoes and removing impediments in the way of their exports.

Source:http://www.brecorder.com

PARB encourages scientists’ inputs in global agri events

Most of the scientists cannot participate in international conferences/seminars/workshops due to lack of funds. Our weak R&D system cannot afford the cost of such international events. Aim of every scientist is to reach there, present his/her research paper, build collaboration and to get motivation from the work going on at international level. Punjab Agricultural Research Board (PARB) has taken a leading step in this regard and is releasing funds as travel grant to agri scientists. In this way they can participate in International events, represent Pakistan and gain experience to learn innovative things. This initiative proves to be very successful in building strong linkages with International stakeholders. In future, such collaborations can provide platform for strengthening research and to introduce innovations. PARB is trying to fund travel grant to as many scientists as it can, within its capacity in future. During about last two month, following scientists have participated in International events: 2nd International Congress of Food Hygiene Venue: Al-Razi Conference Hall, Tehran Medical University, Iran Theme of the Conference: Global Efforts for Food Safety Topics of the Conference: · Food Microbiology · Food Chemistry, Toxicology Contaminants · Additives and Preservatives · Water Safety · Epidemiology of Food-borne infections & Intoxications · The role of probiotics in Hygiene and Nutrition · Organic Foods · Safety of Food Chain · Food Control Systems · The role of Veterinary Medicine in Food Safety · Food Name of the Scientists: Three scientists were provided grant from PARB to attend this International Congress a). Dr. Aqeel Javeed, Assistant Professor Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, UVAS Lahore. Dr. Aqeel Javeed presented his research paper on “Polarity Based Solvents Extraction of Opuntia Dilleni and Zingiber of Ficinale for In-Vitro Antimicrobial Activities”. b): Dr. Muti-Ur-Rehman Assistant Professor UVAS, Lahore. He presented his research paper on “Food Borne disease (Salmonellosis) as a Public Health Problem through consuming the Meat & Egg of Catrrier’s Birds”. c). Dr. Muhammad Hassan Mushtaq, Assistant Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, UVAS Lahore. He presented his research paper on “Microbiological quality of different snack foods in Urban areas of Pakistan”. Summarizing scientist’s views: The theme of World Veterinary year was the basic objective of the of the Congress, i.e “ Vet for health, Vet for Food, Vet for planet”. The congress gives a good opportunity to have a close interaction with global scientist, involved in food hygiene and safety and to discuss the latest research on that issue. The keynote speakers given important message of not using antibiotics for production purpose and especially medically important antimicrobial drugs usage is against the public health interests. While giving suggestions based on the lessons learnt to improve research in Pakistan, Dr. Mati Ur Rehman said that “level of research in our country is not as high as at abroad. This congress has identified new areas of research which will be utilized to conduct the thesis work of post-graduate students”. He also said that many professors have given chance to their students for presentation; it’s a healthy sign for getting experience and exposure at student level. He suggested establishing collaboration between local and international research centers to improve research skills and standards. Dr. Muhammad Hassan Mushtaq said that participation in such conferences is a source of global interaction for scientists. He said, “During my visit to college of Veterinary Medicine at Tehran University, Iran, I discussed with them about the research areas of their interest and also briefed them about research projects of our University”. He also commented that Pakistani Universities have not appropriate facilities for R & D and should establish collaborations on urgent basis. He suggested that Pilot testing should be done before any study in order to validate the study design, statistical analysis and techniques. He requested PARB to facilitate scientists and students to attend training programmes in the field of research. He appreciated PARB efforts for facilitating scientists to attend international conferences/seminars. “World Aquaculture for Changing World” Venue: Natal Convention Center, Natal, Brazil Theme of the Conference: Aquaculture for a Changing World · Salient features of the Conference according to scientist: This international conference was jointly hosted by the World Aquaculture Society (WAS), WAS-Latin American & Caribben Chapter and Association Criadores de Camaroes, in conjunction with Feira International de Aquaculture and Fenacam · The conference assembles world Aquaculture community with the basic aim of Aquaculture for changing world, where different aspects of aquaculture was discussed in several technical sessions. · There were more than 50 scientific sessions focusing on innovative aquaculture systems and management · Topics include economics, sustainability, engineering, reproduction, health, nutrition, genetics, microalgae · A total of 1250 papers were accepted for oral presentations resulted in wide range of sessions. Over 900 posters and 300 exhibitions in trade show demonstrated the latest and greatest innovations and products for aquaculture · International shrimp farming symposium covered main topics of the world shrimp farming industry with a great variety of subjects jointly organized by FENACAM’11 and WAS · The conference provide us an excellent forum to interact with world most famous aquaculture scientists, industry people, suppliers and other stakeholders involved in finfish and shell fish aquaculture with latest techniques and equipments · Aquaculture is the fastest growing food industry worldwide. It is the need of the time to manage our culture system environment friendly and sustainable to cater the world increasing population. Aquaculture is more close to agriculture than any other farming practices and integration with agriculture is very important for future sustainability of two systems. · An excellent forum for presenting my research work and introducing my department, University and country in this mega event · The conference was very fruitful and productive to my academic and research career · I have develop linkages with scientists of Turkey, USA, World Fish Centre (Malaysia), India, Thailand, who shows their willingness for developing joint research collaboration in future. Names of the Scientist: Dr. Noor Khan, Assistant Professor, Department of Fisheries & Aquaculture, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore. He presented his research paper on “Comparative Growth Performance and Body Composition of Indian Major CARPS (Catla Catla, Cirrhinus Mrigala and Labeo Rohita) Fingerlings when fed an Artificial Feed Under Monoculture Production”. His recommendations to improve research in Pakistan are as follows: · We should plan our research as per international level. At present due to lack of facilities and non- cooperation among different institutions, quality of research is not so much productive · Problem oriented research should be conducted with the cooperation of industry and international collaborations · We should replace the traditional research into new lines with latest techniques and brings new species and culture techniques into our system · Like other countries our post-graduate students should be given a chance to present their research in such conferences. This will definitely improve their skills of presenting data and research capabilities. · It gives me motivations to organize a Pakistan Fisheries and Aquaculture Society and affiliated it with WAS for organizing conferences, workshops on fisheries and aquaculture for further enhancement of this sector in Pakistan. Postharvest Unlimited Venue of the Conference: Leavenworth, Washington, USA Theme of the Conference: The main theme was to highlight new scientific and technological research for development and encourage interaction among various postharvest disciplines and industry participants Name of the Scientist: Dr. Nadeem Akhtar Abbasi, Professor/Chairman Department of Horticulture PMAS Arid Agriculture University Murree Road, Rawalpindi. He presented his paper on “Foliar spray of ethanol affected fruit growth, yield and postharvest performance of “Sahil” tomato”. Salient Features of the Conference according to scientist: · Postharvest storage and distribution · Experimental and applied Postharvest physiology · Postharvest quality assessment · Understanding storage stress and its implications · The future: Beyond Systems’ Suggestions and recommendations based on the lessons learnt to improve research in Pakistan · Processing, grading packing and transportation of fruits must be of international standard. Advanced techniques should be adopted to maintain quality and food safety until it reaches the consumer · Edible grade chemicals must be introduced along with newly introduced more effective methods like use of 1-MCP · Special facilities must be developed for transportation at airports and shipping places like cold storage CA etc · The standards for handling during harvest, processing, packing and storage must be developed for different varieties according to the environmental conditions, the fruit was produced · Research in Pakistan should have a focus in the area of postharvest of perishable commodities. After that, technologies should be developed on the basis of successful results of the research that can be used by the horticulture industry. Source: http://www.pakissan.com/english/allabout/livestock/prab.encourages.scientists.inputs.in.global.agri.events.shtml

Mango Varieties

Chaunsa Mango:

Flesh firm, fibreless with pleasant flavour and sweet taste. Juice moderately adundant. Fruit quality good, keeping good quality. Ripening season in August.

Season: July - September Origin: Rahim Yar Khan & Multan Color: Gold Flavor: Slight perfume Fiber: 17.2 - 27.3% Sugar Content: 18 - 22% Pulp Gravity: Heavy Moisture Content: 78% after ripening; 81% before ripening Weight: 1-2.3 Pounds Relative Humidity: 85%

Sindhri Mango:

Leading variety of Sind. Fruit shape ovalish long, size large, skin colour lemon yellow when ripe, pulp colour yellowish cadium, texture fine and firm fibreless, stone medium sized, flavour pleasantly aromatic and taste sweet.

Season: Mid-May to mid-July Origin: Mir Pur Khas Color: Gold Flavor: Slight Perfume Pulp Gravity: Medium Fiber: 3 - 5% Moisture Content (average): 79% after ripening; 18% before ripening Weight: Average 1 - 3.5 pounds Relative Humidity: 85%

Other Varieties of Mango

Langra:
It has originated as a superior chance seedling near Benares. Size medium to large, ovate, base round to slightly flatten, shoulders equal. Beak minute but distinct, sinus slight to absence, skin green and thin, flesh fibreless, yellowish brown in color, scented, highly melting, very sweet. Stone very small, flattened, oval. Weight of an average fruit is about ¼ kg. Fruit quality very good, bearing heavy. Season (Early to mid Season). 1st to 3rd week of July. Heavy yielder.

Amman Dusehri:
It derives its name form village between Lucknow and Malihabad where it was originated as a superior chance seedling. Size small to medium, oblong, ventral, shoulder higher than dorsal, beak and sinus absent, color yellow when ripe, skin thin, pulp fibreless, flesh firm, very sweet, flavor nice. Stone very small, oblong, variety good to very best, bearing heavy, mid season (July), keeping and peeling quality good.

Alphanso, Bombay:
This is a leading commercial variety of Bombay State and is one of the best in India. Because of its better adaptability to humid climate it has not been able to maintain its esteemed position in the dry districts of Pakistan. The Alphanso is successful in some districts of Sindh. Size medium, ovate, oblique, base obliquely flattened, Ventral structure boarder and much higher than dorsal, beak just a point, sinus not prominent, color of the ripe fruit yellow or brownish yellow, skin thin, pulp yellowish brown, flesh firm, taste very sweet, flavor excellent, almost fibreless. Fruit quality is good. Mid season variety harvested in July.

Sammar Bahisht:
It has originated as a superior chance seedling in Muzaffernager U.P. It got its name because of its pleasant flavor. Fruit medium, base slightly flattened, shoulders equal, sinus very light, beak point prominent, skin greenish yellow, thin, pulp yellow, very sweet, sparsely fibrous, flavor pleasant to delicious. Stone medium and oblong, oval. Quality of the fruit is very good, keeping and peeling qualities well. Ripening season July-August.

Fajrikalan:
It has originated as superior chance seedling in Bihar and gor its name after the name of lady Fajri who selected and brought up its trees. Size big, oblong, obliquely oval, base rounded, shoulder unequal, with ventral higher than the dorsal, beak distinct, sinus very shallow with rounded apex. Skin thin, pulp color pale, fibreless, taste sweet with pleasant flavor. Juice moderate to abundant. Stone large, oblong. Fruit quality good to very good bearing late season August, Keeping quality good.

Muhammadwala:
Size small to medium, skin thick, yellow brown, pulp sweet, juicy, stone medium sized, fiber very little. Very hard variety. Season early August.

Sammar Bahisht Chausa:
It is originated as choicest seedling in a village Chausa in Malihabad, Tehsil of Lucknow. It is also known as "Kajri" or "Khajri". There is resemblance between the foliage of Fajri and this variety but there are marked difference in fruit shape and quality. Fruit medium to large ovate to oval, base obliquely flattened, ventral shoulder raised than the dorsal, beak distinct, sinus shallow, apex round, skin medium in thickness, smooth, flesh firm, fibreless with pleasant flavor and sweet taste. Juice moderately abundant. Stone somewhat large oblong. Fruit quality good, bearing heavy, keeping quality medium to good. Ripening season in August (late).

Rataul (Anwar):
It has originated as a chance seedling in "Shohra-e-Afaq" Garden in Rataul. Now is has become popular in mango growing areas of Punjab because of its high flavor. Fruit medium, ovate, base flattened with equal shoulders, which are rounded, beak not prominent, absent in some cases, sinus absent, and apex round. Skin medium thick. Flesh firm, fibreless, flavor very pleasant, with very sweet taste. Juice moderately abundant. Some medium oval. Fruit quality very good. Ripening season in July (Mid-Season). Keeps well in storage.

Bangapali:
Another variety of Sindh. Fruit shape is obliquely oval, Size is big, length about 14 cm. Breadth 9.1 cm Thickness 8.2 cm. Weight 22.0 oz. Base obliquely flattened. Cavity not prominent. Stalk inserted obliquely. Shoulders ventral typically razed, broader and much more higher than dorsal. Back almost rounded. Skin color dark green and glazy when unripe. Yellowish light green with very light crimson patches when ripe. Surface smooth, shining. Dots small distinct. Glands small, crowded.

Neelam:
Quality variety of Sindh. Fruit shape ovate, size small, length 7.7cm breath 5.9cm thickness 5.6cm weight 5.0oz. The base is rounded. Stalk inserted squarely. Cavity slight to absent, Shoulders unequal. Ventral is higher than dorsal, back rounded. Sinus slight to shallow, Beak acute to obtuse. Apex rounded, Skin color sea green when unripe & yellow with reddish tinge when ripe. Surface smooth. Small dots with numerous small glands.

Mango Export 2000-2001

Th etotal production (estimated) is 988 thousand tonns. The total export during this is 183 thousand tonns with value of 3,453 million ruppees.
Source: Source: Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock, Federal Bureau of Federal Bureau of Statistics